CONTENTS of FISRP
From headings 13 January 2017.
PREFACE
My Journey
Dooyeweerd in Academic Life
Why This Book
Aim of Book
About This Book
Influences on Me
How I Wrote This Book
Acknowledgements
Trademarks
References
PART I
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION
§1-1. ABOUT THIS BOOK
§1-2. PRACTICE
§1-2.1 What is Practice?
§1-2.2 Everyday Experience
§1-2.3 Guiding and Understanding Everyday Practice
§1-3. RESEARCH
§1-4. INFORMATION SYSTEMS
§1-4.1 An Integrative View
§1-4.2 The Approach Taken Here
§1-4.3 Five Areas of Interest
§1-4.4 Some Cross-Area Issues
§1-5. FOUNDATIONS
§1-5.1 Current View of Foundations of IS
§1-5.2 A Single Unitary Framework?
§1-6. CONTENTS OF BOOK
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 2. PHILOSOPHIES
§2-1. WHY PHILOSOPHY IS IMPORTANT
§2-5.1 Roles and Types of Philosophy
§2-1.2 Views about Philosophy
§2-2. APPLICATION OF PHILOSOPHY IN ICT AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS
§2-2.1 Philosophical Discussions in Information Systems
§2-2.2 Philosophical Issues in ICT and Information Systems
§2-3. DOOYEWEERD'S PHILOSOPHY
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 3. DOOYEWEERD'S PHILOSOPHY
§3-1. EVERYDAY EXPERIENCE AND MEANINGFULNESS: DOOYEWEERD'S STARTING POINTS
§3-1.1 Starting-point 1: Everyday Experience and the Pre-theoretical Attitude of Thought
§3-1.2 Starting-point 2: Meaningfulness
§3-1.2.1 Kinds of Meaning
§3-1.2.2 Treatment of Meaning in Philosophy
§3-1.2.3 Dooyeweerd's Understanding of Meaning, and the Metaphor of Ocean of Meaningfulness
§3-1.2.4 The Diversity and Coherence of Meaningfulness
§3-1.2.5 An Initial Look at Diversity
§3-1.2.6 Overview
§3-2. CHALLENGES FOR, AND IN, PHILOSOPHY
§3-2.1 Problems in Philosophy: the Immanence Standpoint
§3-2.2 Ground-motives
§3-2.3 Problems with Dualistic Ground-motives
§3-2.4 Dooyeweerd's Adoption of the Biblical Ground-motive
§3-3. REINTERPRETING SUBJECT-OBJECT AND TIME
§3-3.1 Law, Subject and Object
§3-3.1.1 Law as Oceanic Enabler of Functioning
§3-3.1.2 A New Idea of Subject and Object
§3-3.1.3 On limitations in functioning
§3-3.2 Time and Progress
§3-4. THEORETICAL THINKING, PHILOSOPHY AND RESEARCH
§3-4.1 The Nature of Theoretical Thought
§3-4.1.1 The Kantian Gulf
§3-4.1.2 Theoretical Thought as Part of Reality
§3-4.2 Dooyeweerd's Immanent Critique of the History of Western Theoretical Thought
§3-4.3 Dooyeweerd's Transcendental Critiques of Theoretical Thought
§3-4.3.1 Dooyeweerd's Second Transcendental Critique of Theoretical Thought
§3-4.3.2 Preparing to Understand Three Transcendental Problems
§3-4.3.3 The Starting Question
§3-4.3.4 First Transcendental Problem (TP1): Abstraction, Thinker and World
§3-4.3.5 Second Transcendental Problem (TP2): Theoretical Synthesis and Multiple Rationalities
§3-4.3.6 Third Transcendental Problem (TP3): Grounds of Critical Self-Reflection
§3-4.4 Reflection on the Above
§3-5. GROUND-IDEAS, PHILOSOPHIES, SCIENCES AND DISCIPLINES
§3-5.1 Dooyeweerd's Notion of Three-Part Ground-Idea
§3-5.2. Sciences, Fields, Disciplines and Paradigms
§3-5.2.1 Fields of Interest
§3-5.2.2 Paradigms
§3-5.3 Reflection
§3-6. HOW TO DELINEATE SPHERES OF MEANINGFULNESS (ASPECTS)
§3-6.1 Comparison with Other Suites of Aspects
§3-6.2 Delineation of Aspects
§3-6.3 Advantages of Dooyeweerd's Suite
§3-7. WHAT ARE ASPECTS? PHILOSOPHICAL ATTRIBUTES OF ASPECTS
§3-7.1 Aspects as Ocean of Meaningfulness
§3-7.2 Grasped by Intuition
§3-7.3 Aspectual Irreducibility and Categories
§3-7.4 The Coherence of Aspects
§3-7.4.1 Aspectual simultaneity
§3-7.4.2 No conflict among aspects
§3-7.4.3 Inter-aspect analogy
§3-7.4.4 Inter-aspect dependency
§3-7.4.5 The Order of Aspects
§3-7.4.6 Aspectual Targets and Reaching-out
§3-7.5 Aspectual Normativity: Good and Evil
§3-8. ASPECTS ENABLING CONCRETE REALITY
§3-8.1 Aspects as Modes of Being and Rationality
§3-8.2 Distinct Ways of Functioning
§3-8.3 Multi-aspectual Functioning
§3-8.4 Ways of Knowing
§3-8.5 Ethics
§3-9. DOOYEWEERD'S UNDERSTANDING OF EXISTENCE AND THINGS
§3-9.1 Everyday Experience of Things
§3-9.2 Existence as Meaningfulness
§3-9.3 The Multi-aspectual Structure of Things
§3-9.4 Type Laws
§3-9.5 Types of Thing
§3-9.6 Structural Relationships
§3-9.6.1 The Part-Whole Relationship
§3-9.6.2 Enkaptic Relationships
§3-9.6.3 Social Relationships and Institutions
§3-10. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 4. FOUNDATIONS, RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
§4-1. ENGAGING WITH EXTANT THEORY AND PHILOSOPHY
§4-1.1 Why Kuyper's Antithesis is not Where I Started
§4-1.2 Engaging with Thought that Takes a Contrary Standpoint
§4-1.3 A More Fruitful Approach: Listening, Affirming, Critiquing, Enriching
§4-2. EXAMPLE: INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH APPROACHES
§4-2.1 Listen: Discourses on Research Approaches
§4-2.2 Critique, Affirm: Paradigm Incommensurability
§4-2.3 Affirm and Enrich: Integration
§4-3. THE ACTIVITY OF RESEARCH
§4-4. RESEARCH AND REFLECTIVE PRACTICE USING DOOYEWEERD
§4-4.1 Dooyeweerd-oriented Research
§4-4.2 Aspectual Analysis
§4-4.2.1 Using aspects in practical situations
§4-4.2.2 Using aspects while interviewing
§4-4.2.3 Qualitative aspectual analysis
§4-4.2.4 Quantitative aspectual analysis
§4-5. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
PART II.
CHAPTER 5. THE NATURE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
§5-1. INTRODUCTION: "WHAT IS?"
§5-2. WHAT IS TECHNOLOGY?
§5-2.1 Philosophy of Technology
§5-2.2 Heidegger's View of Technology
§5-2.3 Affirming, Critiquing and Enriching Heidegger's Ideas
§5-2.4 Artefacts
§5-2.5 Information and Communication 'Technology' ?
§5-3. WHAT IS INFORMATION?
§5-3.1 Some Theories of Information
§5-3.2 A Systems View of Information: Data, Information and Knowledge
§5-3.3 Problems with a Sequential View
§5-3.4 A Dooyeweerdian Understanding of Information
§5-3.5 What is information?
§5-3.6 What is signified?
§5-3.7 Existence and Persistence of Information
§5-3.8 Example: Big Data and Data Mining
§5-4. WHAT IS A COMPUTER?
§5-4.1 Four Views of the Nature of Computers
§5-4.2 Multi-aspectual Structure of Computers
§5-4.3 The Multi-aspectual Functioning of a Computer
§5-4.4 Some Implications
§5-5. PROGRAMS, VIRTUAL WORLDS AND SOFTWARE
§5-5.1 Program as Performance Art
§5-5.2 Program as Virtual Law-Side
§5-5.3 Virtual Worlds
§5-5.4 Innards of a Computer
§5-6. THE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE QUESTION: "COMPUTER = HUMAN?"
§5-6.1 On Comparing Computer to Human Being
§5-6.2 A Dooyeweerdian Critique of the AI Debates
§5-6.3 A Dooyeweerdian Resolution of the AI Debates
§5-6.4 Benefits of a Dooyeweerdian Approach to the AI Question
§5-7. TESTING DOOYEWEERD'S PHILOSOPHY?
§5-8. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 6. ICT USE
6-1. INTRODUCTION
§6-2. ATTEMPTS TO UNDERSTAND ICT USE
§6-2.1 Discourses on Ease of Use and Interactions with Technology
§6-2.2 Discourse on Organizational Issues in (Management) Information Systems
§6-2.3 Discourse on the Effect of IT on Work and the Socio-technical Approach
§6-2.4 Discourse on Knowledge-Intensive Organizational Functions
§6-2.5 Discourse on ICT in its Wider Environment
§6-2.6 Lack of Discourse on Home Computing, Computer Games and Computer Music and Art
§6-2.7 Discourse on Information and Data Quality
§6-2.8 Discourse on the Acceptance of Technology
§6-2.9 Discourse on Information Systems Success
§6-2.10 Discourse on what Usefulness and Net Benefit Are
§6-2.11 Discourse on User, Artefact and Task
§6-2.12 Discourse on Intensive or Innovative Use of ICT
§6-2.13 Discourses on ICT Ethics and Normativity
§6-2.14 Discourses on Non-use of ICT and Resistance
§6-2.15 Discourse on Use of Features of ICT and their Affordance
§6-2.16 Discourse on 'Meaningful' Use and Down-to-earth Issues
§6-2.17 Discourse on Applications and Life Domains Overlooked by the IS Field
§6-2.18 Reflections on the Discourses
§6-3. AN ASPECTUAL ENGAGEMENTS FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING ICT USE
§6-3.1 Origins of the Framework
§6-3.2 A New Aspectual Engagements Framework
§6-3.3 ICT Use as Dooyeweerdian Law-Subject-object Functioning
§6-3.4 Aspects of Engaging with Interface and Technology (EIT)
§6-3.5 Engaging with Meaningful Content (EMC)
§6-3.5.1 The diversity of engaging with meaningful content
§6-3.5.2 Aspects of the Meaningful Content Engaged With
§6-3.5.3 Quality of engagement with meaningful content
§6-3.6 Engaging in Life with ICT (ELI)
§6-3.7 Understanding Full ICT Use; The Example of Computer Procrastination
§6-4. ENRICHING AND INTEGRATING THE DISCOURSES ON ICT USE
§6-4.1 Discourse on Ease of Use and Interactions with Technology
§6-4.2 Discourse on Organizational Issues in Information Systems
§6-4.3 Discourse on the Effect of ICT on Workforce and Socio-technical Approaches
§6-4.4 Discourse on Knowledge-Intensive Organizational Functions
§6-4.5 Discourse on ICT in its Wider Environment
§6-4.6 Lack of Discourse on Home Computing, Computer Games and Computer Music and Art
§6-4.7 Discourse on Information and Data Quality
§6-4.8 Discourse on the Acceptance of Technology
§6-4.9 Discourse on Information Systems Success
§6-4.10 Discourse on the Usefulness and Benefit of ICT Use
§6-4.11 Discourse on User, Artefact and Task
§6-4.12 Discourse on Intensive and Innovative Use of ICT
§6-4.13 Discourses on ICT Ethics and Normativity
§6-4.14 Discourses on Non-use of ICT and Resistance
§6-4.15 Discourse on ICT Features and Affordance
§6-4.16 Discourse on 'Meaningful' Use and Down-to-earth Issues
§6-4.17 Silos of Discourse on Applications Overlooked by the IS Field and in Everyday Life Domains
§6-4.18 Affirming, Critiquing and Enriching Discourses on ICT Use
§6-5. CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 7. ICT FEATURES
§7-1. INTRODUCTION: WHY FEATURES OF TECHNOLOGY ARE IMPORTANT
§7-1.1 Examples of Interaction Possibilities
§7-1.2 Examples of Innards
§7-1.3 Examples of Protocols
§7-1.4 Example of Whole Features
§7-1.5 This Chapter
§7-2. EXTANT DISCOURSES ON TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES
§7-2.1 Features Rather Than Products
§7-2.2 The 'Materiality' of ICT
§7-2.3 Discourse on Affordance
§7-2.3.1 Affordance in the Field of Information Systems
§7-2.3.2 Kinds of Affordance
§7-2.3.3 Foundational Understanding of Affordance
§7-2.4 Discourse on Normativity of Features
§7-2.4.1 The norms of ease of use and information quality
§7-2.4.2 The norm of appropriateness
§7-2.4.3 Discourses on appropriateness
§7-2.5 Overview
§7-3. TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF ICT FEATURES
§7-3.1 The Basic Proposal
§7-3.2 A Dooyeweerdian Understanding of Materiality of ICT
§7-3.3 A Dooyeweerdian Account of Affordance
§7-3.3.1 Affordance as law-subject-object relationship
§7-3.3.2 Classifying affordances
§7-3.3.3 Benefits of this view
§7-3.4 A Dooyeweerdian Account of Appropriateness
§7-3.5 Conclusion
§7-4. THE DESIGN AND COMPOSITION OF GOOD ICT FEATURES
§7-4.1 Aspectual Interaction Possibilities
§7-4.2 Aspectual Innards
§7-4.2.1 Innards of Each Aspect
§7-4.2.2 How this helps ICT developers
§7-4.2.3 Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP)
§7-4.3 Understanding Transmission Protocols and File Formats
§7-4.3.1 Aspects of protocols
§7-4.3.2 Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Aspects of a Protocol
§7-5. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 8. ICT AND SOCIETY
§8-1. INTRODUCTION
§8-2. EXTANT DISCOURSES ON ICT AND SOCIETY
§8-2.1 Discourses about the Widespread Impacts of ICT: Problems and Benefits
§8-2.2 ICT as Infrastructure
§8-2.2.1 The Digital Divide
§8-2.2.2 Surveillance
§8-2.2.3 E-government (Electronic Government)
§8-2.2.4 What is ICT as Infrastructure?
§8-2.3 Discourse on The Impact ICT and Society have on Each Other
§8-2.3.1 Freedom and Determination
§8-2.3.2 Modernity and the Systematization of Society
§8-2.3.3 Gender and Information Systesms
§8-2.3.4 Structuration Theory
§8-2.3.5 Socio-critical Theory, Emancipation and the Status Quo
§8-2.4 Discourse about the Information Systems Discipline
§8-2.5 Discourses about Technological Progress
§8-2.6 Drawing This Together
§8-3. APPLYING DOOYEWEERD'S CRITIQUE OF IMMANENCE PHILOSOPHY TO DISCOURSES ABOUT ICT AND SOCIETY
§8-4. APPLYING DOOYEWEERD'S NOTION AND SUITE OF ASPECTS
§8-4.1 Using Aspects to Situate Discourses
§8-4.2 Aspects of Widespread Use of ICT
§8-4.2.1 Identifying and relating the various issues of widespread impact
§8-4.2.2 Aspects of functioning that leads to widespread impact; The example of climate change
§8-4.3 The Role of Aspects in Societal Infrastructure
§8-4.4 Gender and Information Systems
§8-4.5 Possible Contributions to Structuration Theory
§8-5. APPLYING DOOYEWEERD'S NOTION OF MEANINGFUL EXISTENCE, UMWELT AND CORRELATIVE ENKAPSIS
§8-5.1 Organizations and Society
§8-5.2 Infrastructure as Umwelt and Correlative Enkapsis
§8-5.3 Further Contributions to Structuration Theory
§8-5.4 Inter-Umwelt Interaction
§8-6 APPLYING DOOYEWEERD'S VIEWS OF PROGRESS: DESTINY OF ICT
§8-6.1 Progress as the Opening Up the Potential of Aspects
§8-6.1.1 ICT as opening up the lingual aspect
§8-6.1.2 On Modernity
§8-6.1.3 Normative Direction of Progress
§8-6.2 A Liberating Vision for Technology
§8-6.3 The Dignity, Destiny and Responsibility of the Information Systems Discipline
§8-7. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: THE MEANINGFULNESS OF ICT
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 9. ICT DEVELOPMENT
§9-1. INTRODUCTION
§9-2. DISCOURSES ABOUT DEVELOPMENT OF ICT AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS
§9-2.1 Discourses on Computer Programming and Software Engineering
§9-2.2 Discourses on Development of Software Libraries
§9-2.3 Discourses on Management of ICT Development Projects
§9-2.4 Discourses on the Development of Expert Systems
§9-2.5 Discourses on Information Systems Development
§9-2.5.1 Hirshheim, Klein & Lyytinen: Conceptual and Philosophical Foundations
§9-2.5.2 Towards Pluralism: The Example of Multiview
§9-2.5.3 The importance of down-to-earth issues
§9-2.6 Discourses on the Development of Computer Games and Virtual Worlds
§9-2.6.1 Principles of computer games development
§9-2.6.2 Theory of computer games development
§9-2.7 Discourses on the Development of Websites
§9-2.7.1 The character of websites
§9-2.7.2 Discourses on web development
§9-2.8 Overview
§9-3. RESPONSIBILITIES IN ICT DEVELOPMENT
§9-3.1 Possibility and Responsibility
§9-3.2 The Discourses
§9-3.3 A Dooyeweerdian Understanding of ICT Development
§9-4. RESPONSIBILITY FOR CREATING THE ARTEFACT
§9-4.1 Extant Discourse on Responsibility for Artefact Creation
§9-4.2 Aspects of Creating the ICT Artefact
§9-4.3 Discussion of Aspects of Artefact Creation
§9-5. RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANTICIPATING SITUATIONS OF USE
§9-5.1 The Complexity of Anticipating Use
§9-5.2 Aspects of Use that is Anticipated
§9-5.3 Aspects of the Activity of Anticipating Use
§9-6. RESPONSIBILITY FOR UNDERSTANDING THE DOMAIN
§9-6.1 Domains
§9-6.2 Knowledge of Domains
§9-6.3 Eliciting Domain Knowledge
§9-6.4 Creating New Worlds
§9-6.5 Gamification
§9-7. RESPONSIBILITY FOR ORCHESTRATING THE PROJECT
§9-7.1 Aspects Important in Project-Orchestration
§9-7.2 Principles of Agile Development
§9-8. DRAWING THIS TOGETHER
§9-9. CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES
PART III.
CHAPTER 10. OVERVIEW AND REFLECTION
§10-1. REFLECTION ON FOUNDATIONS
§10-1.1 On Foundations for ICT and Information Systems As Such
§10-1.2 The Frameworks
§10-1.3 On Multiple Frameworks and a Single Philosophy
§10-2. CROSS-CUTTING CONCERNS
§10-2.1 Starting with Everyday Experience
§10-2.2 Starting with Meaningfulness and its Diversity and Coherence
§10-2.3 Incorporating Normativity
§10-2.4 Independence from Conventional Philosophies
§10-2.5 Listening, Affirming, Critiquing, Enriching
§10-3. EXTENDING THE FRAMEWORKS
§10-4. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 11. CONTRIBUTIONS AND LIMITATIONS
§11-1. CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE INFORMATION SYSTEMS FIELD
§11-2. CONTRIBUTIONS TO INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH
§11-3. POSSIBLE CONTRIBUTIONS TO PHILOSOPHY?
§11-4. LIMITATIONS OF THIS DISCUSSION
§11-4.1 Limitations in the Reviews of Discourses
§11-4.2 My Interpretation of Dooyeweerd's Philosophy
§11-4.3 Criticism of Dooyeweerd's Philosophy
§11-5. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER 12. OPPORTUNITIES AND RECOMMENDATIONS
§12-2. THE ROLE OF FOUNDATIONS
§12-3. OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
§12-4. OPPORTUNITIES TO ENHANCE PRACTICE
§12-5. OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCH IN EACH AREA OF THE IS FIELD
§12-6. SOME OPPORTUNITIES FOR CHANGING THE WAY WE SEE THINGS: PARADIGM DEVELOPMENT
§12-7. OPPORTUNITIES FOR DIRECTION, PHILOSOPHICAL UNDERPINNINGS OR PHILOSOPHY ITSELF
§12-8. WHAT NOW?
§12-8.1 How To Carry On This Work
§12-8.2 Attitudes and Approaches
REFERENCES